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  OVERVIEW: SCHEMES MAKING A COMEBACK Building Penalisation Scheme (BPS) and Layout Regularisation Scheme (LRS) are expected to be re-launched by the Andhra Pradesh and Telangana governments. These schemes aim to regularize unauthorized constructions and illegal layouts. HISTORICAL CONTEXT & SUCCESS (2007–2008) Origin: Introduced in 2007–2008 by the YSR-led Congress government following High Court orders to demolish unauthorized constructions. Success Metrics: Over 1 lakh constructions were regularized. Simple procedures with a flat penalty fee (based on square feet). Municipal corporations acted as a one-stop clearance system. Significant revenue generation (GHMC alone collected over ₹700 crore). WHAT THIS MEANS FOR YOU (LEGALIZING A 3-STORY BUILDING) Target Period: Likely focus on constructions built between 2008 and 2013. If your building falls in this period, you are a primary beneficiary. Scope: Telangana: Focus on plots where land is re...

 3 March 2026 Breakdown of the impact of the Strait of Hormuz closure in light of the US - Israel led war with Iran,  on oil supply, India’s situation, and international crude prices: 🌍 Global Oil Supply Impact Strait of Hormuz’s importance : Roughly 20% of global oil and LNG trade passes through this chokepoint. Its closure disrupts nearly one-fifth of the world’s energy flows. Immediate effects : Tankers are halted, shipping costs and insurance premiums spike, and supply chains face delays. Price surge : Brent crude jumped from ~$73 to ~$83 per barrel within days — a ~7–10% increase. Ripple effects : LNG freight rates rose over 40%, and natural gas prices in Europe surged ~30%. 🇮🇳 Impact on India Dependence : Around 50% of India’s crude imports transit via Hormuz , making it highly vulnerable. Current buffer : India holds 10–15 days of crude stocks and ~100 million barrels in commercial + strategic reserves, giving short-term protection. Risks : Prolonged...