Child adoption laws and procedures in India.

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Child adoption is a legal and emotional process that involves accepting the responsibility of caring for a child who is not biologically related to the adoptive parents. Through adoption, children can receive the love, stability, and support they need to thrive. It is a wonderful way for individuals or couples to build families, and it can often be a life-changing experience for both the parents and the adoptive child.


In India, the adoption process is monitored by the Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) which is the nodal agency to monitor and regulate in-country and intra-country adoption and is a part of the Ministry of Women and Child Development¹. A child in India can be adopted by an Indian citizen, NRI or a foreign citizen. However, the procedure of adoption is different for all three.


The basic conditions for adoption by Hindu couples or single parents are:


- Any person is eligible to adopt, irrespective of gender or marital status.

- If a couple is adopting a child, they should have completed at least two years of stable marriage and have a joint consensus for adopting the child.

- The age difference between the child and the adoptive parents should not be less than 25 years.

- The adoptive parents must be physically, mentally, and emotionally stable.

- The adoptive parents must be financially capable of providing for the child’s basic needs.

- The adoptive parents must be at least 25 years old and not more than 55 years old.


The list of documents required for adoption are:


- Photograph of the person(s) adopting a child.

- Birth certificate or any proof of age.

- Proof of residence and income of last year.

- Marriage or divorce certificate or an affidavit.

- Certificate of death for a married spouse, if applicable.

- Medical fitness certificate from a recognized medical institution.


The adoption process in India can be complex and time-consuming, but ensuring that the child is placed in a safe and loving family environment is important. Therefore, the rules and regulations are in place to protect the child’s best interests and ensure that the adoption process is carried out legally and ethically.


I hope this information was helpful. If you have any further questions, please feel free to ask me. 

(1) Child Adoption in India: Process, Rules & Regulations - FirstCry Parenting. https://parenting.firstcry.com/articles/a-complete-guide-to-child-adoption-in-india/.

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